L-carnitine is synthesized in the body from the amino acids lysine and methionine. It is also found in avocados, dairy products, and red meats (especially lamb and beef). L-carnitine transfers long-chain fatty acids, such as triglycerides into mitochondria, where they may be oxidized to produce energy.
Studies have been conducted on L-carnitine since as early as 1937. Those studies yielded positive results suggesting that the body's cardiovascular system can greatly benefit from its intake. There are a variety of published studies that suggest L-carnitine is useful in increasing the heart's output and improving it's functioning, as well as stimulating the heart's energy supply and supporting cardiac performance.
L-carnitine promotes fat burning, essential for the integrity and function of the cell, protects cell membrane, reduces liver fat accumulation and increases the antioxidant capacity of vitamin C and vitamin E. L-carnitine can promote an increases in the number of androgen receptors in the muscle, and prevents further nerve damage due to diabetes.
A deficiency in L-carnitin causes derangement of sperm metabolism leading to infertility.
Anyone deficient in protein or amino acids in their diet could benefit from L-carnitine supplementation. Pre-mature infants, vegan vegetarians, children, and breast-feeding women are likely to be deficient.
Deficiency in L-carnitin could lead to muscle weakness, hypoglycemia and high blood ammonia level.
A klinikai gyógyászatban a Parkinson-kór, stroke és a Peyronie-betegség kezelésében alkalmazzák.
Acetyl L-Carnitine is similar in form to the amino acid L-carnitine and also has some similar functions, such as being involved in the metabolism of food into energy.
Acetyl-L-carnitine is a molecule that occurs naturally in the brain, liver, and kidney and plays several important roles in the human body.
Acetyl-L-carnitine may improve depression and may have neuroprotective activity. It may also have cardioprotective activity and may beneficially affect cardiac function. It may enhance sperm motiliy, have cytoprotective, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activity. Other uses for acetyl-L-carnitine include the treatment of Parkinson's disease, stroke, and Peyronie's disease.
These nutrients shuttle acetyl groups and fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. Without carnitine, fatty acids cannot easily enter into mitochondria. The acetyl group of acetyl l carnitine is used to form acetyl-CoA, the most important intermediary in the generation of energy from amino acids, fats, and carbohydrates. Therefore, acetyl l carnitine serves as an energy reservoir of acetyl groups and both acetylcarnitine and carnitine help improve energy production. The acetyl group of acetyl l carnitine is also used to make the important brain chemical acetylcholine.
Acetyl l carnitine has a significantly more immediate and noticeable mental effect than carnitine because it crosses into the brain much better. The mind boosting effect of acetyl l carnitine is often noticed within a few hours, or even within an hour.
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Amino acids 
